Certificate

DER/ASN.1, decoded locally

A hand-written DER/ASN.1 reader scoped to what X.509 actually uses — not a general parser. Verified field-by-field against openssl x509 -text output for hand-generated EC and RSA test certificates (see tests/x509.test.ts). This decodes what's inside the certificate; it does not validate the chain, check revocation, or confirm the signature is genuine.